notes/notes/ech/Příklady.md

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ech

Příklady

Hmotnostní zlomek

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$M(Na_2CO_3) = 56$ $w(K/KOH) = \frac{39}{56} = 0.696$ $w(O/KOH) = \frac{16}{56} = 0.286$ w(H/KOH) = \frac{1}{56} = 0.017

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$M(Na_2CO_3) = 2 * M(Na) + M(C) + 3 * M(O) = 2 * 23 + 12 + 16 * 3 = 106$ $w(Na/Na_2CO_3) = \frac{2 * 23}{112} = 0.41$ $w(C/Na_2CO_3) = \frac{12}{112}$ w(O/Na_2CO_3) = \frac{3 * 16}{112}

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Molární hmotnost

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KOH $2 mol$ m = 2g

$M(KOH) = M(K) + M(O) + M(H) = 39 + 16 + 1 = 56 \frac{g}{mol}$ m(KOH) = M(KOH) * n(KOH) = 56 * 2 = 112

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Kolik molekul vody je v 1 litru? $m = 1kg$ $M(H_2O) = 2M(H) + M(O) = 2 * 1 + 16 = 18 \frac{g}{mol}$ n(H_2O) = \frac{m}{M(H_2O)} = \frac{1000}{18} = 55.\overline5mol

Redoxní rovnice

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Br_2 + KOH \rightarrow KBr + KBrO_3 + H_2O

3Br_2^0 + 6KOH \rightarrow \textcolor{yellow}{5}KBr^{-I} + \textcolor{yellow}{1}KBr^{+V}O_3 + 3H_2O

Redukce Br^0 + 1e^- \rightarrow Br^{-I} 1 ==5== Oxidace Br^0 - 5e^- \rightarrow Br^V 5 ==1==

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FeSO_4 + K_2Cr_2O_7 + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + Cr_2SO_4 + H_2O

6Fe^{II}SO_4 + 1K_2Cr_2^{II}O_7 + 7H_2SO_4 \rightarrow \textcolor{yellow}3Fe_2^{III}(SO_4)_3 + \textcolor{yellow}1Cr_2^{III}SO_4 + 7H_2O

Ox: 2Fe^{II} - 2e^- \rightarrow Fe_2^{III} 2 ==3== Red: Cr_2^{VI} + 6e^- \rightarrow Cr_2^{III} 6 ==1==

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Cr_2O_r + KNO_3 + K_2CO_3 \rightarrow K_2CrO_4 + CO_2 + KNO_3

\textcolor{yellow}1Cr_2^{III}O_3 + \textcolor{yellow}3KN^{V}O_3 + 2K_2CO_3 \rightarrow 2K_2Cr^{VI}O_4 + 2CO_2 + 3KN^{III}O_3

Red: N^V + 2e^- \rightarrow N^{III} 2 ==3== Ox: Cr^{III} - 6e^- \rightarrow Cr^{VI} 6 ==1==

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HI + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow I_2 + S + H_2O

\textcolor{yellow}6HI^{-I} + 1H_2^{I}S^{VI}O_4^{-II} \rightarrow 3I_2^{0} + \textcolor{yellow}1S^0 + 4H_2O

Ox: I^{-I} - 1e^- \rightarrow I^{0} 1 ==6== Red: S^{VI} + 6e^- \rightarrow S^0 6 ==1==

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$$ 2Ca_3(P^{V}O_4)_2 + 10C^{0} + 6SiO_2 \Rightarrow P^0_4 + \textcolor{yellow}{10}C^{II}O^{-II} + 6CaSiO_3

Ox: C^0 - 2e^- \rightarrow C^{II} 2 ==5== Red: P^{v} + 5e^- \rightarrow P^0 5 ==2==

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$$ 2Fe(SO_4) + 1H_2O_2 + H_2SO_4 \Rightarrow 1Fe_2(SO_4)_2 + 2H_2O

Red: O_2^{-I} \rightarrow O^{-II}

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$$ 3K^ICl^VO_3 + 3H_2S^{VI}O_4 \rightarrow 1H^{I}Cl^{VII}O^{-II}_4 + 2Cl^{IV}O_2 + 3K^IH^IS^{VI}O^{-II}_4 + H_2O $$ Ox: Cl^{V} \rightarrow Cl^{VII} 2 1 Red: Cl^V \rightarrow Cl^{IV} 1 2

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